Różnorodność biologiczna obszarów Polski Środkowej i propozycje jej ochrony

After Poland joins the European Union Polish agriculture will face significant structural changes, with the consequent loss of biological diversity. With the aim of taking actions to prevent the degradation of agricultural landscape, in 2002 a common research project "Biodiversity of agricultural landscape of Central Poland and its expected changes in connection with the transformations of agrarian structure after Polish accession to the EU" was started by an international team from the University of Łódź and Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Germany. The principal aim of the research is to assess the current state, expected future changes and threats to biodiversity in agricultural areas of Central Poland. The issue of the protection of agricultural landscapes accords "The national strategy for conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity" announced by the Ministry of the Environment. The investigation will include the following tasks: - to determine the landscape structure of the study area - delimitation of morpholithohydrotopes; - to describe the current land use; - to analyse the floristic diversity of the studied habitats; - to determine the relation of landscape structure, land use and biodiversity; - to study the importance of linear structures in agricultural landscape for floristic biodiversity; - to distinguish areas suitable for the implementation of various protecting measures. The results of investigations will enable to define types of areas with the highest natural values in agricultural landscape, which should be designated as protected areas or covered by agri-environmental schemes. Conclusions from implementation of the new investigation procedure can be adopted for spatial planning at local and regional levels. The results can become a basis for the development of detailed indications of directions of agriculturalland management so that traditional agrarian structure would be preserved in the areas with the highest biological diversity. Adverse changes of agrarian structure and biodiversity that took place in Germany call for urgent implementation of the research project in Central Poland with the aim of taking actions to prevent the degradation of Polish agricultural landscape.

W związku z przewidywanymi zmianami w strukturze własnościowej, obszarowej, kierunków użytkowania ziemi, jakie nastąpią w rolnictwie po wejściu do Unii Europejskiej, Autorzy przedstawiają projekt prac badawczych dotyczących różnorodności biologicznej obszarów rolniczych Polski Środkowej. W Artykule zostały przedstawione cele i proponowane metody badań, charakterystyki trzech wybranych obszarów reprezentatywnych, czynniki wpływające na różnorodność biologiczną, dokonano wstępnej oceny stanu bioróżnorodności oraz wyrażono opinie na temat możliwości ochrony terenów rolniczych.