Integracja przemysłowych jednostek wytwórczych (analiza krytyczna stosowania zasady branżowej

In introduction to this article the author discusses genesis and history of application of the branch principle in organization of the industry in Poland. Statistical analysis of the branch structure in industrial associations belonging to three different ministries, as performed by the author, shows that the above principle is strictly observed in the economic practice the branch diversification degree being, however, different in particular ministries. The analysis encompasses also reasons of durability and universal character of the branch principle in the socialist economy. The author reaches a conclusion that these features of the branch principle are largely due to the directive system central planning and management of the national economy, which shaped supremacy of organization of planning over organization of production. In many instances this leads to severing natural production, technological and economic ties between companies, which is a phenomenon very harmful in its consequences. The performed analysis of merits and drawbacks of the branch principle makes the author oppose its universal application as well as application of pluralistic structures in organization of the industry. This subject receives a great deal of attention in empiric researches carried out in the Institute of Planning in co-operation with several other research centres.