The individual mother’s characteristics and maternal-fetal attachment in healthy pregnancies and pregnancies with congenital disorder and other complications
The individual mother’s characteristics and maternal-fetal attachment in healthy pregnancies and pregnancies with congenital disorder and other complications
The purpose of this study was to examine which of the selected variables, like: age, attachment styles, self-esteem and anxiety predict the development of the emotional attachment between the woman and fetus in physiological and high-risk pregnancies. The study involved child-bearing women with no pregnancy complications as well as those with congenial disorders and other pregnancy complications. Data was collected using Fetal Attachment Scale – FAS, Questionnaire of Attachment Styles – KSP, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale – SES, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory – STAI and standardized interview designed for this study. Regression analysis showed that the mother’s age was predictive of her relationship with the child with congenital disorder. In pregnancy with other complications the intensity of the maternal-fetal attachment (MFA) and its components were significantly associated with the mother’s self-esteem and her attachment styles. In healthy pregnancies safe attachment style was related to the selected aspects of prenatal bonding. The level of state and trait anxiety were irrelevant for the MFA. The acceptation of the autonomy of a child diagnosed with a birth defect decreased with increasing mother’s age. The low mother’s self-esteem and her insecure attachment style can be detrimental to MFA in pregnancy with other complications. The mother’s secure attachment style prediced the higher intensity of various MFA aspects in healthy pregnancy.
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