Pedagogika Posejdoniosa z Apamei

The subject matter and purpose of the article is a depiction of the pedagogical concepts of Posidonius of Apamea, an eminent stoic philosopher and scholar. As it is clear from the surviving testimonials of Seneca and Galen, Posidonius dealt in his ethical writings to a large extent with issues of moral education. In writing On virtues Posidonius undertook – in opposition to Chrysippus – the question of the origin of ethical defects (moral evil), making insightful remarks about the nature of children and animals based on empirical observations. Posidonius believed that moral evil is innate to human nature. And in writing On emotions in reference to Plato (Politeia, Timaeus and Nomoi dialogues), Posidonius described the typology of human nature, depending on the type of morphology of the body and the dominant mental element as well as related types of effective educational methods.