Ocena pobrania kadmu i olowiu z warzywami przez konsumentow wwojewodztwie katowickim

W pracy dokonano oceny stopnia pobrania występujących w warzywach metali ciężkich takich jak Cd i Pb przez konsumentów z czterech grup gospodarstw domowych w województwie katowickim. Analizie poddano tę grupę warzyw, która jest w tym regionie produkowana, a także sprowadzana na rynek województwa katowickiego przez sklepy Wojewódzkiej Spółdzielni Ogrodniczej z innych rejonów kraju.

The amounts of Cd and Pb consumed with vegetables were determined in four groups of households: workmen, workmen-peasants, farmers and pensioned workers and persons receiving disability allowances. The chemical analysis was done, in the first place, of vegetables with edible roots in which Pb and Cd were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The vegetables were bought in 1986-1987 by the Province Gardeners Cooperative in the Province of Katowice (mining and industrial region) and from the Province of Katowice and Warsaw. The amount of Cd or Pb found in weight unit of a given vegetable multiplied by the amount of this vegetable consumed in a week served as a measure of the amount of these metals taken by the consumer. After comparing of this amount with the acceptable dose the per cent of this dose obtained from vegetables was calculated. The study showed that the vegetables brought from other provinces than Katowice contained several times less Cd and Pb than those grown in the Province of Katowice. The lowest intake of Cd and Pb with vegetables was found in the households of workmen and the highest one in the households of farmers who consumed nearly exclusively vegetables grown on their farms. The vegetables from the Province of Katowice accounted in farmer families for 40% of the acceptable maximal weekly intake of cadmium, and the intake of lead was even above this maximal level. The differences in the weekly intake of these metals between the studied groups of households were due to differences in the amounts of consumed vegetables. Improvement is postulated of the control of the quality of vegetables in the Silesian market, and vegetables should be brought preferably from these regions where Cd and Pb content in vegetables is safe.