Znaczenie przedsiębiorczości kapitału ludzkiego w rozwoju obszarów ONW Podkarpacia

Przedstawiono znaczenie rozwoju przedsiębiorczości w gminach górskich i nizinnych zakwalifikowanych do obszarów o niekorzystnych warunkach gospodarowania (ONW) województwa podkarpackiego oraz opinie właścicieli przedsiębiorstw prowadzących swoją działalność w tych gminach na temat wpływu specyficznych czynników na możliwości rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego.

Results of the research have proved that communities qualified for the Podkarpackie LFA areas constituted 43 % of the overall area of the province . 26 % for mountainous communities and 17% for lowland communities. The number of population of the area under research increased only by 0,2% in the years 2000-2008. However, among the lowland communities a decrease of the same amount was noticed. The birth rate and the balance of migration for permanent residence, which in turn have shaped changes in the population density, could have influenced it. The years 2000-2008 saw an increase by 20% of the economic subjects in total and by the same amount the number of private units. Also high participation of the economic subjects of individuals among subjects in total has been noticed. The mean of the factor of saturation by economic subjects for the communities under research in 2008 amounted almost to 40 economic subjects for 1000 inhabitants and was higher by over 15% when compared with 2000. It is a positive outlook for development of this region. Furthermore, the analysis has established that the greatest group of owners of enterprises functioning in the LFA are in the 41-50 age bracket (36%). In lowland communities the most numerous group consists of younger people, below 40. Secondary education was found in 55% of the surveyed. When asked about factors which were all-important for running business activity in a particular community, the respondents pointed out owning premises as well as lack of competition. Among the most significant factors limiting social-economic development the entrepreneurs listed: lack of capital, passivity of inhabitants and distance from cities.