Kształtowanie się cech morfologicznych i biochemicznych łubinu żółtego rosnącego na glebie zanieczyszczonej chlorotetracykliną w warunkach fotoperiodu i ciemności

W ocenie zanieczyszczenia środowiska lekami bardzo ważną rolę odgrywają badania z wykorzystaniem roślin przeznaczonych na cele konsumpcyjne. Celem pracy było określenie fitotoksyczności chlorotetracykliny (0, 1,45, 2,90, 5,80, 11,60, 23,19 i 46,38 mg∙kg-1 gleby) obecnej w glebie wobec łubinu żółtego (Lupinus luteus L.) odmiany Mister. Oceniano wybrane cechy morfologiczne łubinu oraz biochemiczne aktywności peroksydazy i katalazy w korzeniach i łodygach siewek łubinu w warunkach fotoperiodu i ciemności. Stwierdzono, że niskie stężenia chlorotetracykliny w glebie nie zmieniają długości korzeni i łodyg. Ciśnienie osmotyczne siewek łubinu w obu wariantach świetlnych przy najwyższym stężeniu leku (46,38 mg∙kg-1 gleby) wzrosło około dwukrotnie w porównaniu z próbami kontrolnymi. Aktywność peroksydazy korzeni rosnących na glebie zawierającej lek w stężeniu 46,38 mgkg-1wyniosła 29 U (fotoperiod) i 24 U (ciemność). Aktywność katalazy była większa w łodygach łubinu żółtego rosnących w ciemności (15 U) w porównaniu do korzeni rosnących w tych samych warunkach świetlnych (12 U).

Veterinary antibiotics are important measures for the treatment of diseases in production animals. However, the annual increase in their use in cattle and poultry production is disturbing.Tetracyclines, including tetracycline, chlortetracycline and oxytetracycline, are among the most commonly used antibiotics worldwide. Since they are poorly absorbed and excreted in substantial amounts in the digestive tract of animals (about 5080%) with faeces and urine, chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline and tetracycline are detected in manure and slurry. They are sensitive to light and are degraded by light and oxidative factors. The studies were conducted under photoperiodic conditions and constant darkness in order to establish whether solar light has an impact on the uptake of chlortetracycline by 8-day-old yellow lupin seedlings. In addition, it was investigated whether chlortetracycline in soil (under photoperiod or darkness) influences the activity of peroxidase and superoxide dismutase, i.e. the enzymes that neutralize free radicals, in yellow lupin roots and stems. Research using plants typically intended for consumption plays a very important role in the evaluation of environment contaminated with drugs. The aim of the study was to investigate the phytotoxicity low concentration of chlortetracycline (0, 1.45, 2.90, 5.80, 11.60, 23.19 and 46.38 mg-kg-1 of soil) to yellow lupin (Lupinus luteus L.) cv. Mister. Morphological characteristics and biochemical reactions (peroxidase and catalyze activities) yellow lupin seedlings growing in a photoperiod and in darkness were evaluated. It was found that chlo-rtetracycline was phytotoxic to yellow lupin. The average length of roots growing on soil contaminated with the tested concentrations of chlortetracycline was 76 mm (photoperiod) and 82 mm (darkness). Lupin produced significantly shorter roots compared to the control growing in darkness on soil contaminated with 1.45, 2.90, and 5.80 mg-kg-1 of soil. It was found that low concentrations of chlortetracycline in soil were not changed roots and stems length, and in contrast to the dark photoperiod to prolong the test organs. The osmotic pressure of lupin seedlings in both light conditions at the highest concentration of the drug (46.38 mg∙kg-1 of soil) was increased about twice compared with controls. Peroxidase activity was achieved the value of 29 U (photoperiod) and 24 U (dark) at the highest concentration of the drug (46.38 mg∙kg-1 of soil). Catalase activity was higher in the stems of yellow lupin grown in the dark (15 U) compared to the roots grown in the same conditions of light (12 U).