Wymiana kadr sędziowskich w sądach powszechnych w latach 1944—1954 Zarys problematyki Replacement of judicial staff in common courts in the years 1944—1954 An outline of the problem
After the Second World War, the political system of Poland was rebuilt according to
the model of the Soviet Union. However, the common courts were rebuilt on the basis of pre-war
political regulations. The pre-war judges were admitted to the courts in large numbers, despite
their attempts to maintain their independence. It was extremely difficult in the era of omnipresent
Marxist-Lenin ideology, which permeated every area of life, and the primacy of politics over law.
The authorities did not intend to tolerate the existence of a judiciary independent of their influence.
Without having their own legal forces, they tried to break judges’ characters. The judges
were subjected to political and ideological indoctrination. When this did not produce satisfactory
results, the government decided to replace the pre-war judicial staff for “new types of judges,”
brought up in the spirit of obedience to the authorities in law schools, operating under the auspices
of the Ministry of Justice. The replacement of staff was carried out in the years 1950—1954
by manipulating the system law, using the method of “administrative deportations,” disregarding
any moral and ethical principles, the quality of jurisprudence and the welfare of citizens. This
was done under the hypocritical guise of the “democratisation of the justice system” slogan.
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