The six founders of the European Economic Community, later the European
Union, did not differ substantially in terms of an economic level. Therefore the issue of policy and
the problems connected with a regional development started to be discussed along with the
development of the economic integration and the enlargement of Communities with another
countries, which were much different economically from the founders.
The European Regional Development Fund (ERDF ) was established at the Copenhagen
summit in 1975 and the resources were distributed into member states. The subsequent
enlargement of the Community in 1986 with Spain and Portugal contributed to signing the Single
European Act (SEA), which created the basis for a new structural policy and its reform in 1988,
and the binding rules were additionally enlarged in the European Union Treaty from Maastricht.
The EU Treaty signed on 07.02.1992 in Maastricht in the Netherlands established the European
Union and came into force on 01.11.1993. Poland, after entering the European Union on
01.05.2004, taking into consideration the experience from the absorption of the pre-accession
funds for ten years, i.e. since 1994, since the first days after the accession used well the EU
resources and the Lubuskie Voivodship led the way within this range in Poland. Therefore the
regional development was supported by the structural funds orientated first of all to infrastructure
and the protection of natural environment. The assistance programme of the European Union for
the countries of Central and Eastern Europe – Phare had its edition since 1994 in the Lubuskie
Voivodship as Phare Cross Border Cooperation CBC – the Programme of Poland – Germany
Cross Border Cooperation was mainly used for the implementation of investment projects on the
Polish-German borderland. This experience was implemented in the effective use of the support
within the Integrated Operational Programme of Regional Development in 2004–2006. Over 80
million euros granted for the Lubuskie Voivodship were orientated mainly to road, council and
social infrastructure and the cross border cooperation was financed by the Community Initiative
Interreg III A, whose objective was to support the integrated and sustainable development in the
economic, social and cultural area on the Polish-German borderland.
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