Uwarunkowania wykorzystania dóbr kultury przez turystykę po roku 1989 na obszarach górskich - przykład Kotlin Jeleniogórskiej i Kłodzkiej

The aim of the article was to define and evaluate the importance of different conditions influencing the use of cultural monuments by tourism. The case regarded was the example of residential complexes in such specific areas like intramontane basins. Residential complexes were meant as complexes including both palace and park and also buildings with rural economy functions. This sort of rural complexes seems to have the highest potential for tourism functions, because they comprise not only the monumental character and beauty of the palace itself, but also the surrounding landscape, which can be used for recreation and rest, as well as of the additional buildings, which can also be turned into some new tourism functions (i.e. horse-riding, restaurant, local craft centres). The chosen basins - Jeleniogórska and Kłodzka, located in the Polish part of the Sudetes Mts constitute interesting study areas because they used to be transit regions for merchants and started to serve as places for settlement already long time ago. However, it was the Kłodzka Basin which offered better amenities. This is also the area where older palaces survived (tab. 1, 2). It was only in the 19th century that the Jeleniogórska Basin caught the attention of Prussian aristocracy, being the area located at the foot of the highest mountains in the country. This was why they built their residences in this area, which together with large parks form complexes of unique beauty in Europe. The results of the study indicate that the most important factor influencing tourist use of those complexes seems to be the change of the political and socio-economic system in Poland after 1989, which enabled private owners to buy architectural monuments and, on the other hand, created the demand for luxury hotels located in such buildings. Another important factor was the potential of the monuments themselves, their number and artistic values. And the last factor seems to be the existence of tourist regions, which means that there is already existing steady inflow of tourists who can be attracted by new products within the region. The factors that were defined as less important in the specific case of Lower Silesia were the following: the state of preservation of monuments (because most of them were in same disastrous conditions), landscape values and accessibility of complexes.