Stosunek pracy pracowników zajmujących stanowiska kierownicze – ujęcie definicyjne The employment relationship of employees holding managerial positions – definitional approach
The object of this study is to analyze the employment relationship of employees holding
managerial positions at different levels of management from the perspective of the most important
structural features characterizing this relationship. According to the established position of the
science of labor law and the settled case law, these characteristic features include: voluntariness
and reciprocal obligations, remuneration for the work, work continuity and personal nature of
the work performed, the obligation of due diligence, the risk owned by the employing entity
and, and subordination of the employee to the employer in the course of their work. Analysis
of the characteristic features of the employment relationship of managers indicates that the
higher in the hierarchy of the organization the managerial position is, and the larger the area
of matters falling within the competence of the executive management employee is, the more
atypical the employment relationship is, and the more it departs from the classical model. This
tendency is best seen in relation to senior management employees, who, being at the top of the
organizational structure, do not have their own superior, and the final economic result of the
organization and the level of its competitiveness in legal transactions depend mostly on their
attitudes and creativity. In the case of this category of workers, the employee subordination is
the least explicit – if there is one at all – and also there are visible far-reaching distinguishing
features in terms of employment characteristics such as: personal performance of work, the
nature of the obligation, tending towards outcome commitment and risk (especially economic
and personal), which burdens the workers to a much greater extent than in the typical employment
relationship. This observation de lege lata calls into question the status of employee of top
managers. However, the lower in the hierarchy of management the given position is situated,
and the lower the area of matters falling within the competence of the executive employee,
the more the employment relationship is visible, referring to the classic characteristics of the
employment relationship model.
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