The paper presents a general introduction of Rajasthani – the language used in North-Western India – the development of the language and the beginnings of Rajasthani literature. It also draws attention to the complexity of linguistic nomenclature used for
Rajasthani and to its relation with other North Indian languages, with a special regard to Hindi. The rise of literary tradition in the vernacular of North-Western India and its connection with the history of Hindi literature is analysed. Rajasthani is considered
to be the first vernacular of North India in which literature has evolved, and hence predates the oldest works from the region known as Hindi belt by at least two hundred years. Rajasthani and Gujarati used to have one linguistic form, which only split into two languages after the 15th century whereby Rajasthani adopted its modern form, still used today, and Gujarati developed independently. The claims of some scholars that the initial literary period of North-Western India – i.e. until the 15th century – be included in the history of Hindi literature are also presented in the paper.
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