AMONIAKALNE METODY MASOWEGO ODKWASZANIA XIX- I XX-WIECZNYCH PAPIERÓW DRUKOWYCH

The author presents the development of ammonia based methods of mass deacidification. Some of them expired. The advantage of all these methods was the gaseous agent. The gaseous agent did not harm the dyes, printing inks, paints as well as stamps, etc. Nevertheless these methods were toxic for humans. Nowadays the ammonia methods have again its heyday because several modern techniques have been discovered. Donald K. Sebera’s method is based on the continuous storage of books and archives in the low concentration of the vapors ammonia. It assures the slow but homogenous contact of the deacidification agent with the acid papers. The great advantage of the above mentioned method is the simplicity of the use and the low costs. The hopeful method of deacidification is also the Japanese DAE method, which uses ammonia and ethylene oxide (as the biocide). This method assures the homogenous deacidification of papers and its disinfection and disinfestations as well as its reinforcement.