Eklektyzm myśli filozoficznej jusnaturalisty Cycerona

The presented draft consists of two parts: the introduction and the substantive part, showing three faces of Cicero’s eclecticism: from his eclectic education, to eclectic receptionism, especially probabilism and skepticism. The first part of the draft is to show Cicero as the embodiment of the popularizer of the dual ideal of life: vita activa and vita contemplativa. A philosopher “suspended” between abstract Greek culture and pragmatic Roman culture, who knew that the foundation of law was not praetorian ordinances or twelve tables but the depth of philosophy. The second part of the study is an attempt to present the image of Arpinata as the original master of eclecticism, a classic of Roman philosophy, and the only sui generis theorist of state and law who combined mainly the tradition of the Stoics, Platonists and Aristotelians on an unprecedented scale and with an unprecedented ability. It is an attempt to look at Cicero’s literary and philosophical achievements from the perspective of his skeptical and probabilistic views on three branches of philosophy: ethics, philosophy of nature and dialectics. In each of these writing forms, it is worth careful scrutiny by researchers of Roman antiquity who argue on its influence on the shape of European culture.