Сравнительные конструкции с белый и черный в русском языке (в сопоставлении с польским biały и czarny)

The material to this article is based on the newest comparative dictionaries of Russian and Polish languages and also on other dictionaries, mostly explanatory dictionaries. Coloristic compa- rative constructions present a very interesting subject of linguistic research, from the one hand as a convenient instrument to research on human perceptions categorization. On the other hand- as a wide cultural and evaluative-estimating material. Some of the coloristic comparative expres- sions are characteristic for certain style of language only. A particular place in the article is taken up by the analysis of the semantic distribution of the analysed constructions in Russian and Polish language. With regard for it, the research material is divided onto three groups. The first group is constituted by constructions having an unlimited distribution, which can define with regard for the color any subject of an extralinguistic reality. The second group is assembling the constructions with a limited cohesion, in which group comes to reducing the potential objects to some class of expressions only. To the last group, can be included coloristic colorful expressions, defining with regard for the color, a semantically very limited group of words only. A frequency of using these or other comparative expressions is not directly dependant on a semantic distribution of the discussed constructions.