Hypothetical cases of oil spills, caused by ship failure in the northern Adriatic,
are analysed with the aim of producing three-dimensional models of sea circulation
and oil contaminant transport. Sea surface elevations, sea temperature and salinity
fields are applied as a forcing argument on the model’s open boundaries. The
Aladin-HR model with a spatial resolution of 8 km and a time interval of 3
hours is used for atmospheric forcing. River discharges along the coastline in
question are introduced as point source terms and are assumed to have zero
salinity at their respective locations. The results of the numerical modelling of
physical oceanography parameters are validated by measurements carried out in
the ‘Adriatic Sea monitoring programme’ in a series of current meter and CTD
stations in the period from 1 January 2008 to 15 November 2008.
The oil spill model uses the current field obtained from a circulation model.
Besides the convective dispersive transport of oil pollution (Lagrangian model of
discrete particles), the model takes into account a number of reactive processes such as emulsification, dissolution, evaporation and heat balance between the oil,
sea and atmosphere. An actual event took place on 6 February 2008, when the ship
‘Und Adriyatik’ caught fire in the vicinity of the town of Rovinj (Croatia) en route
from Istanbul (Turkey) to Trieste (Italy). At the time the fire broke out, the ship
was carrying around 800 tons of oil. Thanks to the rapid intervention of the fire
department, the fire was extinguished during the following 12 hours, preventing
possible catastrophic environmental consequences. Based on this occurrence, five
hypothetical scenarios of ship failure with a consequent spill of 800 tons of oil over
12 hours were analysed. The main distinction between the simulated scenarios is
the time of the start of the oil spill, corresponding to the times when stronger winds
were blowing (>7 m s−1) with a minimum duration of 24 h within the timeframe.
Each scenario includes a simulation of oil transport for a period of two months
after the beginning of the oil spill.
The results show that the coastal belt between the towns of Poreˇc and Rovinj
is seriously exposed to an oil pollution load, especially a few days after a strong
and persistent bora (NE wind).
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