The distribution of phytoplankton and its relation to the hydrographic features
in the north-eastern Adriatic was investigated in February 2008. The area of
interest included a thermohaline gradient in the channel situated between the
coast and the islands lying parallel to the coast. The gradient is controlled by the
influx of oligotrophic karstic riverine water at the south-eastern end,subma rine
springs in the middle part,an d warmer offshore waters at the north-western
end of the channel. The change of temperature and salinity in the estuarine
transition zone was accompanied by abundant diatoms and dinoflagellates below
the halocline,with dominant chain-forming diatoms (Chaetoceros, Bacteriastrum)
in abundances reaching 5×105 cells dm−3. The impact of coastal submarine springs
detected by infrared remote sensing resulted in the growth of cyanobacteria in
the nitrogen-depleted surface waters. The greater contribution of picoplankton,
as well as of nanoplanktonic coccolithophorids and cryptophytes,in the outer
channel system indicated their preference for oligotrophic conditions. Flow cytometric
counts of nanophytoplankton were 10–30 times greater than inverted
microscope counts. Cyanobacteria were about five times more abundant than
picoeukaryotes. The study demonstrates how different techniques (remote sensing
and in situ investigations) can be useful in understanding the biological
and hydrographic set-up in the specific oligotrophic eastern Adriatic coastal
environment.
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