PRZYIMKI JAKO ZNACZNIKI RÓŻNYCH KONCEPTUALIZACJI: ANALIZA ZAGADNIENIA NA PRZYKŁADZIE JĘZYKA WŁOSKIEGO135-145

This article is devoted to the uses of different Italian prepositions in expressions describing the same fragment of reality, as exemplified by: una ragazza dai capelli rossi and con una ragazza (i) capelli rossi, both referring to a red-haired girl. Situating the research in the field of Cognitive Grammar by R. Langacker (the relation between a trajector and a landmark) and based on the conception of pre-cognitive schema, the following hypotheses were verified: 1. preposition, as a relational category, reconstructs in a sentence the relation between the trajector and the landmark; 2. preposition, as a localistic category, illustrates the spatial and/or temporal mutual distribution of the trajector and the landmark; 3. the ordering of the trajector and the landmark does not necessarily reflect the order of perceived elements: the element expressed after a preposition can be a starting point to the perception of a scene; 4. differences in the choice of prepositions express different ways to conceptualize the same fragment of reality; 5. prototypical uses of prepositions refer to relational schemas and localistic pre-conceptual schema; 6.there exist asemantic uses of prepositions, as indicated by language users’ preferences; 7. each preposition has its own semantic invariant.