ДОПЕТРОВСКИЕ ЛЕКСИЧЕСКИЕ ЗАИМСТВОВАНИЯ ИЗ НИДЕРЛАНДСКОГО ЯЗЫКА

The article analyzes the borrowing from the Dutch language taking into account the etymological and historical aspects. The origins of relations between Russia and the Netherlands lie in those distant times, when the European system of political, trade and other relations developed itself. The beginning of this relationship can perhaps be traced back to the example of Staraya Ladoga, city in northern Russia, which for eight centuries before the founding of St. Petersburg in 1703, was the first key port on the main trade route of ancient Russia “from the Vikings to the Greeks”. In the beginning of the XII century merchant guilds have begun nucleation alliance of cities, mostly in the basin of the North and Baltic seas, the so-called Hanseatic League. Since the main centers of which activities were carried out of the Hanseatic League was North and East Germany, the Netherlands, respectively, then the language of communication of the Hanseatic League was Low German. This article discusses the scope of the term “German”, which is characterized by considerable inconsistency. In modern Netherlandistic to refer to this controversial use the term bifurcation, which is derived from Latin bifurcus – “forked”. Dialects of Low German are widely spoken in the northeastern area of the Netherlands (Dutch Low Saxon) and are written there with an orthography based on Dutch orthography.