Poziom, struktura i zróżnicowanie przestrzenne bezrobocia w gminach wiejskich w województwie dolnośląskim w latach 2005-2010

The article presents the numerical and structural changes of unemployment in rural communities in Lower Silesia Voivodeship. The basic scope of the conducted analyzes included the time period between 2005-2010. It is worth noting that during the period under studies, the number of unemployed people on rural areas decreased in Lower Silesia Voivodeship. Although the problem of unemployment in the studied area concerns mainly middle-aged people, the percentage of people aged over 55 years grew relatively fast in the structure of the unemployed in the studied years. While in 2005. the share reached 5.5%, in 2010 it already reached 11.8%. As it clearly results from the analysis in two districts of Lower Silesia (Wrocław and Jelenia Góra) in 2010 the share of people over 55 years in the structure of unemployment in rural areas exceeded 15%. It is a big challenge for government and non-governmental organizations performing services on the labor market directed at those people. The changes in the structure of the studied phenomenon were noted also when considering the education of the unemployed. In the studied period in the unemployment structure the share of people with vocational and primary education decreased (a total of 6.85 percentage points) and the share of people with higher education increased (by 3.6 percentage points). The highest percentage of unemployed people with higher education in 2005 and 2010 was reported in the district of Wrocław (4.5% and 13.1% respectively). The data presented in this paper indicate a significant spatial variation of unemployment levels in rural communities in Lower Silesia Voivodeship.