Analysis of the Structure and Mechanism of Wing Folding and Flexion in Xylotrupes Gideon Beetle (L. 1767) (Coloptera, Scarabaeidae)

This study presents the structure and functions of flying wings in beetles (Coloptera). Structural analysis and function of multiplanar flexion and the structure of the wings in selected beetles were also carried out. The author developed a method of determination of points, structures and surfaces on the wing in folding and flexing motions. The paper describes the system of veins, foils and folds in the wing. Photographs of the wing in different phases of folding and flexion are presented in the paper. The paper emphasizes practical applications of the method of analysis in bionic mechanisms.