The use of nuclear energy for military and civilian purposes safety in the nuclear power industry

The purpose of the article was to gather the basic information about the mechanism behind nuclear energy formation and the types of reactors, already built worldwide or potentially planned for construction in the near future, and to present the history of the beginnings of nuclear power in Poland. The issues of the safety of reactors, independent safety assurance systems and systems for emergency shutdown of a reactor are discussed in more detail. The problem of responsibility for the safety of nuclear equipment is also examined, including the relevant authority and method for such safety inspection. The initiatives taken in Poland in connection with the programme for the nuclear power industry are also described.