Evaluating experimental activities in Czech chemistry textbooks: A critical analysis

This study analysed the nature and integration of experimental activities in Czech lower-secondary chemistry textbooks which are currently in use. Focusing on four dominant textbook series (published since 1990’s), and one recently (2019) published and certified, it investigated the offered types of student activities, their cognitive demands, placement in the educational process, and inquiry levels. The findings reveal two distinct groups of textbooks based on the quantity of experimental activities. Some textbooks align with traditional teaching methods, emphasising teacher-led demonstrations, while others attempt a balance between safety concerns and student engagement. However, a general lack of focus on higher-order cognitive skills and inadequate scaffolding for scientific process skills development was found. The results showed future research should investigate the impact of experimental activities on student outcomes, highlighting the need for more modern approaches in chemistry education.