Cancers are one of the most common diseases affecting dogs. Many of them develop spontaneously
and their biology and histopathology shows many similarities to human cancers. What more,
it is proved that there are much more analogies in molecular mechanisms of cancer development
between these two species. Human oncology is seeking more and more efficient methods for an early
disease detection which results directly in the extended life expectancy of patients affected. One of
the most modern trends in the diagnosis of cancer is to detect circulating tumor cells (CTC) in the
blood of patients. It is known that these cells are responsible for the formation of metastases in
distant organs what results in the patient death. Moreover, it’s confirmed that CTC are already
present in patients’ bloodstream in the early stages of tumor development. There is no doubt that
mechanism of metastasis development in dogs is identical and thus the CTC are also present in their
bloodstream. Despite the intense researches there is still no optimal method of isolating cancer cells
from the blood where they occur extremely rarely. The purpose of this study is to analyze the
implications of the detection methods of tumor cells in the blood in veterinary oncology.
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