Metal foams are relatively novel materials that due to excellent mechanical, thermal, and
insulation properties have found wide usage in different engineering applications such as
energy absorbers, bone substitute implants, sandwich structure cores, etc. In common numerical
studies, the mechanical properties of foams are usually introduced to FE models
by considering homogenized uniform properties in different parts of a foamy structure. However,
in highly irregular foams, due to complex micro-geometry, considering a uniform
mechanical property for all portions of the foam leads to inaccurate results. Modeling the
micro-architecture of foams enables better following of the mechanisms acting in micro-scale
which would lead to more accurate numerical predictions. In this study, static mechanical
behavior of several closed-cell foam samples has been simulated and validated against
experimental results. The samples were first imaged using a multi-slice CT-Scan device.
Subsequently, experimental compression tests were carried out on the samples using a uniaxial
compression testing machine. The CT data were then used for creating micro-scale 3D
models of the samples. According to the darkness or brightness of the CT images, different
densities were assigned to different parts of the micro-scale FE models of the foam samples.
Depending on density of the material at a point, the elastic modulus was considered for
it. Three different formulas were considered in different simulations for relating the local
elastic modulus of the foam material to density of the foam material at that point. ANSYS
implicit solver was used for the simulations. Finally, the results of the FE models based on
the three formulas were compared to each other and to the experimental results to show the
best formula for modeling the closed-cell foams.
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