Otrzymywanie i właściwości biologiczne racemicznych i optycznie czynnych laktonów z pierścieniem aromatycznym w pozycji β

Natural and synthetic lactones containing an aromatic ring exhibit a number of biological properties, e.g. antiproliferative, antifeedant or antimicrobial activity. This review deals with the synthesis and biological properties of lactones containing an aromatic substituent in the β-position of the lactone ring. The described group of compounds includes halolactones, hydroxylactones, unsaturated lactones and products of reductive dehalogenation of iodolactones. In addition to chemical transformations, biotechnological methods for obtaining optically active lactones have also been described, including the use of lipases in the chemoenzymatic pathway leading to the production of halolactones, kinetic separation of hydroxylactones in the process of enzymatic transesterification, microbial hydrolytic dehalogenation of iodolactones and enantioselective hydrolysis of the lactone ring. The biological activity of the obtained β-aryllactones was also briefly characterized.