Sterownik mikrosieci elektroenergetycznej

W artykule rozpatruje się konstrukcję sterownika mikrosieci elektroenergetycznej. Sterownik zarządza zasobami energii elektrycznej w celu pokrycia zapotrzebowania lokalnych gospodarstw domowych z uwzględnieniem kwestii ekonomicznych. Przedstawiono strukturę sterowania, zdefiniowano zadanie optymalizacji, dokonano badań symulacyjnych dla przykładowej mikrosieci o zróżnicowanych sposobach generowania i magazynowania. Zaproponowano realizację sterownika mikrosieci uniezależniającą od komercyjnego oprogramowania w oparciu o otwarte optymalizatory i niskobudżetowy sprzęt.

Power microgrid is a small power system, whose primary objective is to cover local energy needs. Microgrid is composed of generating units, storage facilities and energy consumers. Construction of hierarchical control system with the optimizer for power microgrid is main article issue. The controller manages the resources of electricity to cover the needs of local households, taking into account economic aspects. Hierarchical control structure with optimization and assignment layers is applied. Very comprehensive description of definition of the optimization problem with decision variables, constraints and initial conditions including batteries SOC (state of charge) is presented. An important element in proposed approach is to have consumers demand forecasts and weather reports which are related with energy production from renewable energy sources. Authors assumed the availability of these forecasts, and these issues are not dealt with in the article, although it is worth mentioning that the quality of forecasts has an impact on control quality. Simulation studies were carried out and the obtained results confirming the correctness of the presented method. The final form of presented microgrid controller is built based on an open source software and can be implemented with low cos hardware such as Raspberry Pi.