Zróżnicowanie termiki gruntu na Równinie Kaffiöyra (NW Spitsbergen) w lecie 1997 i 1998 w porównaniu z okresem 1975-98

The paper presents the results of soil temperature measurements on the Kaffiöyra Plain from the polar summer period 1997 (Tab. 1) and 1998 (Tab. 2) compared to the period 1975-1998 (Tab. 3). The soil temperature measurements were carried out on three ecotops: on the sandy beach, on end moraine of the Aavatsmark Glacier, and on tundra (Fig. 1). The measurements were taken daily at 01, 07, 13 and 19 LMT at depths: 1, 5, 10, 20 and 50 cm by soil thermometers. The thermal characteristics of soils at different ecotops differ by physical characteristics, moisture, degree of vegetation cover and thickness of active layer. The paper presents the question of thermal changes in the soil with general weather conditions. The 1997 summer was very wet, strong winds domination and mean sunshine. The 1998 summer, on the contrary, was more cloudy and warmer, and the atmosphere dynamics lower with rare light rainfall (Fig. 2, Tab. 4). The comparison of summer seasons was made for the common period 21 July - 31 August. The thermal changes of the soil on the Kaffioyra Plain are best illustrated by the data from the beach because observations at this stand were made during all of the expeditions. The mean temperature at all depth was the lowest in 1982 and 1997, the highest in 1985 and 1998 (Fig. 5). In the analysed period the measurement point on the beach was the coldest stand, tundra was warmer, and the stand on the moraine the warmest (Tab. 3, Fig. 4).