The aim of this study was to compare instantaneous fuel consumption of a FIAT Panda car with three types of
propulsion system applied: engine positioned front-lengthwise to the direction of travel and rear-wheel drive, engine
positioned front-transversely to the direction of travel and front - wheel drive and all-wheel drive. The vehicle was
equipped with a 1.3 JTD MultiJet compression-ignition engine being used for conducting experimental tests. This part
was based on making the load characteristics (relationship between specific fuel consumption and engine torque)
using engine dynamometer. This was made for given parameters corresponding to specific traffic conditions. They
were determined in a simulation and were represented by rolling resistance and air resistance. Their value was
affected by vehicle technical and operating characteristics and its design features, such as maximum weight,
transmission system ratios, dynamic wheel radius, drag coefficient, width and height, and efficiency of propulsion
system. The efficiency of power train system was adopted from a simulation conducted for different types of propulsion
system. Apart from basic resistance, additional drag (inertia resistance) was the most important in vehicle energy
balance. It played an important role in determining the value of instantaneous fuel consumption for variable velocity
and constant acceleration values used in the UDC test (Urban Driving Cycle – subtest of the EUDC cycle). The lowest
fuel consumption for a given car velocity was for front-wheel drive transmission system, whereas the highest for allwheel
drive system (4x4).
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