Range and acceleration analyze of an electric driven city car with advanced energy storage

For short distance (neighborhood) city transport of people, electric driven vehicle with advanced energy storage and electronic control system could assure fulfill essential requirements. range, acceleration ability and grade ability of electric driven small size city vehicle depend on: total vehicle mass, energy storage type and size, vehicle exploitation conditions (motorway, city traffic). Energy storage type and size optimization and full utilization of regenerative braking system leads to significant amount energy saving. Regenerative braking is particularly important in city traffic, where a lot of acceleration/braking cycles occur. Advanced secondary energy source consist of electrochemical battery and stack of supercapacitors. Using supercapacitors as an additional energy source makes it possible to improve battery life cycle and simultaneously to decrease the exploitation costs of electric vehicle. Short charging and discharging times of supercapacitors give ability to quick accept large amount of energy. In order to cooperate with batteries, a power electronic converter is necessary. Knowledge of vehicle energetic parameters could be obtained by model based simulation than verified by research testing. To estimating the energy consumption, energy recovery, range, acceleration and grade ability, simulation in MATLAB environment has been performed applying special low speed vehicle drive cycle based on ECE-15 driving cycle. The results of simulation are presented in this paper