In this article, a comparison of economic effectiveness of various heating systems dedicated to residential applications is presented: a natural gas-fueled micro-cogeneration (micro-combined heat and power – µCHP)
unit based on a free-piston Stirling engine that generates additional electric
energy; and three so-called classical heating systems based on: gas boiler,
coal boiler, and a heat pump. Calculation includes covering the demand
for electricity, which is purchased from the grid or produced in residential
system. The presented analyses are partially based on an experimental investigation. The measurements of the heat pump system as well as those of
the energy (electricity and heat) demand profiles in the analyzed building
were conducted for a single-family house. The measurements of the µCHP
unit were made using a laboratory stand prepared for simulating a variable
heat demand. The overall efficiency of the µCHP was in the range of 88.6–
92.4%. The amounts of the produced/consumed energy (electricity, heat,
and chemical energy of fuel) were determined. The consumption and the
generation of electricity were settled on a daily basis. Operational costs of
the heat pump system or coal boiler based heating system are lower comparing to the micro-cogeneration, however no support system for natural
gas-based µCHP system is included.
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