Numerical simulation of forced convection of nanofluid around a circular cylinder

In this study a steady flow-field and heat transfer through a copper-water nanofluid around a circular cylinder, under the influence of both the standard thermal boundary conditions, i.e., uniform heat flux and constant wall temperature) was investigated numerically by using a finitevolume method for Reynolds numbers from the range 10–40. Furthermore, the range of nanoparticle volume fractions considered is 0–5%. The variation of the local and the average Nusselt numbers with Reynolds number, and volume fractions are presented for the range of conditions. The average Nusselt number is found to increase with increasing the nanoparticle volume fractions.