Economic indicators and effectiveness of chemical control of leaf beetle larvae and diseases in spring wheat in Podkarpacie Voivodeship Poland

Background. The increase in the area of cereal cultivation in Poland is favorable for a rise in significant damage to wheat leaves arising from an increasing activity of cereal leaf beetle larvae and pathogenic fungi. The aim of the research was an assessment of the effectiveness and economic efficiency of the applied insecticides and fungicides in the control of selected agrophages in spring wheat. Material and methods. The research on the economic efficiency of applied fungicides and insecticides in spring wheat was conducted in the years 2013-2015 in Boguchwała. The experiment was set up in a randomized block design in four replications. Spring wheat was sown on brown soil, class IIIa. Results. On the control plots, the average leaf area infected with wheat diseases was 48.1%, while damage by leaf beetle larvae was 71.1%. The effectiveness of the applied fungicides ranged from 23.1 to 71.8%, and for insecticides it was from 77.1 to 97.5%. The value of increased yield ranged from 73 to 903 PLN·$ha^(-1)$. The cost coverage index ranged from 0.3 to 10.3, while the indicator of treatment profitability ranged from 0.11 to 0.62. Percentage cost index varied from 1.9 to 19.4. Conclusion. The cost-effectiveness of chemical plant protection treatments depended mainly on the number and type of the applied plant protection treatments. Applying two treatments during the growing season caused a significant cost increase in spring wheat protection relative to the obtained yield and grain price.

Badania nad efektywnością ekonomiczną zastosowanych fungicydów oraz insektycydów w pszenicy jarej wykonano w latach 2013–2015 w Boguchwale. Średnie porażenie powierzchni liści przez choroby pszenicy wyniosło 48,1%, a uszkodzenie przez larwy skrzypionek – 71,1%. Skuteczność zastosowanych środków grzybobójczych wyniosła od 23,1 do 71,8%, a insektycydów od 77,1 do 97,5%. Nadwyżka produkcji wahała się od 73 do 903 PLN·$ha^(-1)$. Wskaźnik pokrycia kosztów wyniósł od 0,3 do 10,3. a wskaźnik opłacalności zabiegów wyniósł od 0,11 do 0,62. Procentowy wskaźnik kosztów wahał się od 1,9 do 19,4.