Zwierzęta łowne rezerwuarem chorób zakaźnych dla zwierząt hodowlanych

Infectious diseases, at the interface between wild animals and livestock, have been observed and studied for decades. Recently, there has been an upsurge in our understanding of the epidemiology of multi-host infections and availability of better diagnostic tools. Many diseases, affecting livestock, have already been identified in wildlife, especially in wild ungulates. Numerous factors, most anthropogenic, have facilitated the emergence of diseases from wildlife. Increasing interactions between wildlife, humans and domestic animals may always result in disease emergence, that requires innovative strategies for disease surveillance and management in wildlife. The frequency of emergence and reemergence of infectious diseases in wildlife reservoirs has recently increased. That is posing new questions about diseases pathogenesis and epidemiology and is heightening the urgency of finding effective wildlife disease management. The goal for disease management in wildlife is to develop efficacious ways to accomplish standard animal disease management practices of vaccination, therapy, quarantine, surveillance, testing and slaughter, or depopulation, when needed. This article provides the most comprehensive overview of the knowledge on infectious diseases at the wildlife–livestock interface. Furthermore, the risk factors associated with interactions between wild and domestic animals, regarding emerging infectious diseases are summarized.