Rola instytucji szkoły w XXI wieku

Pupils’ cognitive activities condition their intellectual, emotional and volitional development. In this context the process of teaching is not only dry passing on knowledge, but also creation of sensitivity to beauty, as in art or nature, formation of assessment skills of aesthetical and moral values of literary works, development of patriotic feelings, inculcating democratic principles and norms of co-existence. It is closely connected with tasks and functions of intellectual upbringing. Due to it the process of teaching cannot be divided into ‘parts’ dedicated separately to formation and development of definite feelings in pupils, or features of willpower and character of one sort or another, and familiarizing with the new teaching material, that is with knowledge, skills and habits recommended by the curriculum. Practically, gaining knowledge by children and teenagers happens simultaneously with development of definite feelings and desirable features of willpower and character. It is necessary to turn an attention to the fact that much has already been written and spoken about the ‘upbringing and education teaching’ or about ‘educational values of the teaching process’ for many years.