In recent years several vector-borne, parasitic or zoonotic diseases have (re)-emerged and spread in Europe with major health, ecological, socio-economical and political consequences. The problem of increasing risk of vector-borne diseases in Europe is widely discussed at periodic international conferences like International Jena Symposium on Tick-borne Diseases or the conference organized by European branch of Society for Vector Ecology ESOVE. The problem takes also effect in establishment of international projects (e.g. EDEN, VBORNET). Mosquitoes and ticks are the most remarkable disease vectors transmitting microorganisms (viruses, bacteria, parasitic protozoans) or metazoan parasites (nematodes). In Europe mosquitoes have a strong effect on human life quality, tourism and economic development because of being a nuisance. However, the changing climatic conditions make mosquito-borne diseases which have already been eradicated, or newly appearing diseases, a threat to human health. Among tick-borne diseases in Europe, the most common is Lyme disease and tick-borne encephalitis, but the list of pathogens identified in ticks keeps increasing and it is expected to increase the number of cases of tick-borne infections. Assessment of vector-borne risk is enhanced by very helpful Geographic Information System – a notable technique for comprehensive analysis of both abiotic and biotic data.
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