Integrated operation and maintenance optimization for high-speed train fleets considering passenger flow

A joint optimization model of maintenance and operation of high-speed train fleets is established with the optimization objective of minimizing the total costs, considering dynamic passenger flow and maintenance resources. A new maintenance strategy CCPM (Coordinating Conflicts Preventive Maintenance) is proposed to optimize the problem. The effectiveness of the model and the strategy are verified by numerical examples. The comparison between the strategy in the paper and the existing approach proves that the new strategy is more effective and shows the importance of considering dynamic passenger flow. The model and the strategy provide decision support for the actual high-speed trains operation and maintenance program. This study also offers new ideas to the subsequent research on preventive maintenance of high-speed trains.