Background. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide and largely preventable through
improving diet quality and other lifestyle factors. In recent years, dietary recommendations have shifted towards diets
high in plant-based foods and low in animal-based foods for the prevention of chronic diseases.
Objective. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between seeds consumption, lipid profile and body mass index
(BMI) in a group of 889 (313 female and 576 male) randomly selected patients hospitalized in the Nitra Cardio Center,
Slovakia.
Material and Methods. The data necessary for the evaluation the relationship between seeds consumption, lipid profiles
and BMI were obtained by a questionnaire method in closed-ended format. Data collection was carried out simultaneously
with the anthropometric and biochemical examinations of the respondents ensured by the Nitra Cardio Center. The
following parameters were assessed in the blood: total cholesterol (T-C), low-density cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density
cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), and glucose (GLU). Comparisons between groups were made utilizing one-way
analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's post hoc test.
Results. Respondents indicated pumpkin seeds as the most commonly consumed seeds (45.19% of women and 53.06%
of men) and their preference did not cause changes in lipid profile. Women who consume seeds 1-2 times/month had
significantly lower levels of T-C and LDL-C compared to women non-consuming seeds (P < 0.05). In men, we did not
observed any changes in lipid profile. The lowest BMI in women was associated with flaxseed preference and in men
with sunflower preference. Increasing frequency of seeds consumption of women and men did not cause changes in BMI.
Conclusions. Based on beneficial effects of seeds on cardiovascular risk factors, it seems that seeds consumption can be
considered as a useful therapeutic approach for reducing lipid profile and body mass index.
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