Conservation farming practices using the least soil
disturbance and straw-return benefits the crop agronomic attributes
and soil nutrient accumulation. The four-year (2016-2019)
research was conducted under randomized complete blocks design
to explore the agronomic benefit of conservation tillage practices
on wheat yield performance and on soil fertility parameters. The
two straw treatments consisted of wheat straw-return to the notilled
soil and straw incorporation into the conventionally tilled
soil. The two tillage treatments were the no-tillage and conventional
tillage control. These conservative tillage treatments were
compared with the conventional tillage control. In comparison
with conventional tillage, the conservation management practices
of no-tilled soil, conventionally tilled soil, and no-tillage notably
increased the yield by an average of 33, 26, and 18% respectively.
Moreover, conservative tillage practices improved the soil nitratenitrogen,
ammonium nitrogen and carbon contents in the 0-30 cm
soil layer by 12, 9, and 15% respectively over conventional tillage,
averaged across conventionally tilled soil, no-tilled soil, and
no-tillage. The overall distribution of soil nitrate-nitrogen, ammonium
nitrogen, and carbon in the 0-30 cm soil layer with regard
to conventionally tilled, no-tilled soil, and no-tillage was greater
than conventional tillage, based on Principal Component
Analysis. We concluded that conservation tillage practices could
replace conventionally tilled practice with respect to productivity,
soil mineral nitrogen, and carbon accumulation benefits.
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