Three pot experiments were performed on cucumber,
maize, soybean and wheat plants to investigate the effects of
various substrate types, namely pumice, arenosol and chernozem
soil (Exp. 1), of substrate salinity (Exp. 2) and of soil water content
(SWC; Exp. 3) on the electrical capacitance measured in
root-soil systems. The data were evaluated according to the basic
principle of the two-dielectric capacitor model. Statistical analysis
indicated that the capacitance measured in root-soil systems was
determined by the capacitance of the root system for each combination
of plant species and substrate. Furthermore, the results
showed that substrate impedance had a negligible influence on the
capacitance measured in root-soil systems. Substrate salinity had
no direct effect on capacitance measured in root-soil systems, but
salt-induced physicochemical changes in plant tissues could have
influenced its dielectric properties. Capacitance measured in rootsoil
systems increased exponentially with soil water content (it
ranged from 10 to 48 v/v %), indicating that the measured capacitance
was more sensitive to variability in moisture content at high
rather than at low water saturation levels. This is not consistent
with the general consensus that the capacitance method is unreliable
in dry soil and should be used at soil water content close
to field capacity. The present results will contribute to the more
effective application of the root capacitance technique.
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