Inżynieria środowiska jest stosunkowo nową dyscypliną naukową, która ma szczególne powiązania z wieloma gałęziami gospodarki. Łączy działalność techniczną, zajmującą się różnymi przedsięwzięciami inżynierskimi, ze środowiskiem przyrodniczym i zachowaniem go w stanie równowagi. W jej szerokich ramach podejmowanych zagadnień mieszą się
takie działania człowieka jak: budownictwo, rolnictwo, przemysł, melioracje, zaopatrzenie w wodę, energetyka, żegluga czy oczyszczanie ścieków. Wszystkie te obszary gospodarki mają bardzo ścisły związek z wodą, występującą w hydrosferze, litosferze i w atmosferze.
Dla przedstawienia w niniejszej książce bardzo złożonej problematyki wody w inżynierii środowiska, konieczne było odwołanie się do wielu dyscyplin naukowych – hydrologii, hydrauliki, fizyki, hydrochemii, geografii, hydrobiologii, ekologii czy przestrzennego zagospodarowania. Rozważenie części zagadnień wymagało posłużenia się przykładami obliczeniowymi.
Książka ma na celu możliwie wszechstronne przybliżenie czytelnikowi problemów związanych z wodą. W dużej mierze dotyczy aspektów technicznych, głównie w ujęciu inżynierskim. Ma stanowić kompendium wiedzy o wodzie, jaką inżynier o specjalności inżynieria środowiska powinien posiadać, aby móc prawidłowo wykonywać swój zawód. Chodzi tu nie tylko o wiedzę dotyczącą zasobów wodnych Polski i na świecie, ale też sposobów ich wykorzystania, jak również uwarunkowań organizacyjnych i prawnych.
ABSTRACT
Environmental Engineering is a relatively new scientific discipline, which has special
connections with various economic sectors. Environmental engineering connects technical activity, which deals with various engineering enterprises, with the natural environment
and aims to preserve it in the equilibrium state. Within environmental engineering there are
such activities as constructions. Agriculture, industry, amelioration, water supply, energetics,
inland navigation and sewage treatment – all these activities have very close connection with
water, which appears in hydrosphere, lithosphere and atmosphere.
To present in this book those very compound problems of water in environmental
engineering, it was necessary to recall to numerous scientific disciplines such as hydrology,
hydraulics, physics, hydro-chemistry, ecology or spatial planning. In order to better understand some problems I referred to calculation examples.
This book aims to present to the reader comprehensive problems connected with
water. To a large extent it concerns technical problems, mainly of engineering character. The
book presents a compendium about water, which an engineer of environmental engineering
speciality should possess to conduct properly his profession. It concerns not only Polish and
world water resources, but also the way of their utilization as well as organizational and legal
conditions.
The book folds up of 17 chapters. The introduction (Chapter 1) deals with basic conditions, which water fulfills in the life of the society and environment. In order to achieve these
aims we must exactly know, what is water, how it behaves in static state and in hydrodynamic
conditions. What is its distribution over our globe and how to secure water supply, how to
restrict its contamination and in which way to adjust the results of such disasters as floods
and droughts.
Subsequent two chapters (2 and 3) present basic physical characteristics of water and
their resources on the globe and in Poland. Next three chapters (4, 5 and 6) concern the flow
in open channels, in closed conduits and ground water flow. Static behavior of water is only
briefly mentioned. Subsequent three chapters (7, 8 and 9) present basic information in hydrology, ice phenomena on inland waters and river flow. This is very important information
concerning various forms of water and its action.
Next three chapters (10, 11 and 12) include information concerning hydraulic structures, hydraulic power plants and water reservoirs. A separate chapter (13) deals with water resources management. One chapter (14) concerns very important problem of contemporary
world – floods and droughts. This chapter includes also Flood Directive of EU, which has
a new approach to the flood phenomena in the form of flood risk.
Chapter 15 presents basic information on hydraulic model investigations. Chapter 16
deals with Water Framework Directive of EU, which we must obey as the country belongs
to EU. The last chapter (17) presents information concerning World Water Day, celebrated
over the world since 1993. In the book I tried to present general information to each particular
problem referring to Polish and world conditions. Each chapter has separate bibliography,
which may present additional information to the reader.
At the end of the book there are abstracts in Polish and English and two enclosures:
list of basic physical units and English – Polish vocabulary of terms used in environmental
engineering
