High chromium (Cr) toxicity has turned into a serious environmental concern. Cr contaminated
agronomic soils negatively affect the growth and yield of crops. Current research was conducted to enhance the
phytoextraction potential of maize by using Burkholderia vietnamiensis and citric acid (CA). Plants were subjected
to three concentrations of Cr (0.86, 350, and 500 ppm). A pot experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions
with completely randomized design (CRD). After 72 days of experiment, plants were harvested to analyze the
morphological and biochemical attributes of soil, bacteria and plant. Results revealed that plant fresh, dry biomass,
root, shoot length and chlorophyll contents significantly increased by 56%, 50%, 58%, 78% and 60%, respectively,
at 500 ppm Cr concentration in combine treatment of B. vietnamiensis and CA. Maize plants treated with both
B. vietnamiensis and CA significantly increased the bioaccumulation (BA) of Cr up to 50% and translocation factor
(TF) by 31%. Furthermore, superoxide dismutase (SOD), proline and peroxidase dismutase (POD) activities in leaves
were markedly increased by 30%, 42% and 15%, respectively, when treated with CA. Current study reveals that
exogenous co-application of B. vietnamiensis + CA enhance plant growth by alleviating heavy metal stress and
accelerate the phytoextraction of Cr. Taking into account the heavy metal tolerance and accumulation capacity, Zea
mays is suitable for phytoremediation of contaminated soils in combination with B. vietnamiensis and CA.
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