Okoliczności powstania planów i map Zamościa od XVII do XX wieku oraz sylwetki ich autorów

W artykule omówiono historię i okoliczności powstania planów i map Zamościa oraz przedstawiono sylwetki autorów tych dzieł - kartografów wojskowych, geometrów Ordynacji Zamojskiej i architektów miejskich.

In September 2005 Zamość hosted a conference organized on the 400th anniversary of the death of Jan Zamojski, the city's founder. Among the conference publications there are two articles on the historic cartography of Zamość (M. Sirko 2005, J. Zygawski 2005). The article aims to present the cartographers contribution into the history of Zamość between the 17th and 20th centuries. The catalogues of maps and city plans which have been prepared until today are not final. From time to time we learn about newly discovered maps, official registry plans or copies. At the same time there appear new names which have not been known before. Collected cartographic materials were ordered and divided into five periods important for the city's history (1580-1699, 1700-1771, 1772-1808, 1809-1866, 1867-1939). The first period was for Zamość the time of crystallization of city structure, economic life, investment in construction but also siege and war destruction. That period in the city's history demanded detailed maps. The oldest cartographic representation of Zamość is The plan of the Market (no scale) dated for the years 1603-1604. The woodcut from 1774 published in Jonsac's Historie des Stanislas Jablonowski in 1:4000 is considered to be the most true. The years 1700-1771 were very unstable in the city's history. In 1704 there appeared Zamojsc. Hwilken Hans Kongi May Konung Carl den XII... Fig. 2 published by Swedes, considered to be the most precise at the time. Several other plans were published by Germans. The third period (1772-1808), because of the partition of Poland, links Zamość with the kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria. The first known city plan from the period of Austrian partition (1772) was prepared by F. Buzogany in scale 1:3000. For obvious reasons the plans' authors were military officers and surveyors. In the common opinion the best was Erstes Zaichrungs-Blat. Plan von der Festung Novi Zamość in der Konigreich Galizien nebst der um selbe auf 6, bis 700 Klaftern liegende Gegend in scale 1:1700 from 1777. The years 1809-1866 are the final period of the existing city form. However the cartographic activity at that time showed intense development thanks to the authors of plans and maps such as J.Ch. Mallet-Malletski, L. Jodko, M. Hauke, J.P. Lelewel and K. Bojanowski. The last period covers the years 1867-1939. Especially noteworthy are the works of surveyors employed in Ordynacja Zamojska (G. Sochacki, K. Pożerski, J. Widenko) and the architects working in the regional administration offices (W. Sienicki, W. Lucht, E. Kranz, J. Margules, T. Zaremba, W. Wieczorkiewicz).