Study of energy consumption of a hybrid vehicle in real-world conditions

The paper presents an analysis of energy consumption in a Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) used in actual road conditions. Therefore, the paper features a comparison of the consumption of energy obtained from fuel and from energy taken from the vehicle’s batteries for each travel with a total distance of 5000 km. The instantaneous energy consumption per travelling kilometre in actual operating conditions for a combustion engine mode are within the range of 233 to 1170 Wh/km and for an electric motor mode are within the range of 135 to 420 Wh/km. The average values amount to 894 Wh/km for the combustion engine and 208 Wh/km for the electric motor. The experimental data was used to develop curves for the total energy consumption per 100km of road section travelled divided into particular engine types (combustion/electric), demonstrating a close correlation to actual operating conditions. These values were referred to the tested passenger vehicle’s approval data in a WLTP test, with the average values of 303 Wh/km and CO2 emission of 23 g/km.