Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy Study of Surface States of 3d Metals: Chemical Identification, Magnetic Contrast and Orbital Kondo Resonance States

The surface states of 3d transition metals are studied by scanning tunneling microscopy and scanning tunneling spectroscopy. The results show that surface states can be used for chemical identification with high spatial resolution. The spin polarized nature of the surface states allows us to obtain magnetic contrast in scanning tunneling miroscopy imaging with near atomic resolution. For Cr(100) we found that the surface state close to the Fermi level can be explained by an orbital Kondo resonance surface state.