Some comments on the palynostratigraphy of the Holocene in Poland, based on isopollen maps

The pa per pres ents the di vi sion of Holo cene into four paly nos tra tigraphi cal units: early Holo cene, mid dle Holo cene, late Holo cene – older part, and late Holo cene – younger part. It stresses that the best de fined bor der is that be tween the Late Gla cial and early Holo cene, and all other “bor ders” have the char ac ter of broad tran si tional zones. The at ten tion is also paid to the com plex of changes start ing be tween 4000 and 3000 BP con nected with the re treat of ha zel and oak and ex pan sion of horn beam and beech with fir spread ing in the south and spruce in the north- east of Poland. From ca. 6000 BP on the hu man ac tivi ties cause in creas ing changes in vege ta tion that are dif fi cult to be dis tin guished from those gen er ated by natu ral fac tor.