Wpływ kompatybilności rop na depozycję osadów w łańcuchu dystrybucji ropy naftowej

According to Eurostat data, oil imports to Poland in the first half of 2019 amounted to 12.7 million tonnes of oil, of which 63% were supplied from Russia, wherein 2013 it was as much as 95%. In pursuit of greater energy security, oil companies are encouraged to acquire crude oil from various sources, which is the reason for the intensification of research on sedimentation caused by blending different types of crude oils. Mixing of crude oils supplied from different sources generates an additional issue accompanying processing of crude oils in the refinery, namely its compatibility. Crude oils from different sources can differ significantly in terms of physical and chemical properties and fractional composition, which determines the need for proper processing in the refinery to maintain the continuity of uninterrupted operations with different oil blends. The problem of incompatibility of crude oil is related mainly to the situation when one of the blended crude oils is a high-paraffin type containing a small amount of asphaltenes, and the second one has a low content of saturated hydrocarbons, but a higher content of resins and asphaltenes. These two are completely stable alone and would not cause problems with asphaltene sediments, but blending them could result in the formation of such sediments. The paper describes an original method of crude oil filtering taking into account the pressure and temperature conditions related to oil processing in the refinery. Moreover, using a properly designed filtering system, it was possible to determine the amount of sediment for pure oils as well as their blends in different proportions. Filtering of crude oil and its mixtures was performed at two temperatures of 20°C and 150°C, at pressure conditions of 20 bar. Crude oil compatibility tests were conducted for three oils differing in the source, composition and physical properties.