Rolnicze i środowiskowe znaczenie próchnicy glebowej i metodyka jej bilansu

In the present paper the significance of a soil humus for agriculture and environment with a consideration of a modern approaches in this area is presented. The agricultural significance of the humus is appreciated since a long time but its environmental importance was noticed only in a recent time. It concerns mainly the hopes promised in a sequestration increasing of CO2 by the humus thanks to an increase of its resources or by cultivation of selected plants strongly binding Corg in so called phytoliths. Ecological role of soil humus by sequestration of CO2 consists in usage of additional possibility of limiting of CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. It is estimated that global sequestration of carbon in soils is 2.4 g C per m2 annually [20]. Also ecological system of management in agriculture gives much bigger possibilities of CO2 seqestration in soil humus, when compared to the conventional and integrated system [22]. In the paper the optimal conditions accelerating and optimizing the process of humification of organic matter in soil was also characterized. In the third chapter of the paper a short survey and evaluation of balance methods of the soil humus elaborated and used in Europe since 1970's years was presented.