Możliwości zagospodarowania odpadów organicznych, jako źródła masy organicznej w budowie podłoży trawnikowych

The purpose of this study was to assess the fertilizer value of sewage sludge and compost produced from green waste obtained from municipal care of green areas, as a source of organic matter used for the construction of lawn substrates and to determine the possibility of extracting heavy metals from soil by grasses. Research was carried out in the years 2004-2008 on the native ground low loamy sand of anthropogenic origin. Univariate experience was established in randomized blocks in three replications. Tested factor was the type of organic waste: control - native ground, sewage sludge applied onto soil in autumn and compost applied onto soil in autumn. In the experience was used a mixture of lawn, type: Poa pratensis, composed of Poa pratensis 60%, var. "Opal" + Festuca rubra - 20%, var. "Areta" + Lolium perenne - 20%, var. "Pimperal". Specific studies include: assessment of the annual dry matter yield which is the sum of individual terms of mowing the lawns and to identify loads of components placed in to the ground and collected by the plant. The size of metals collection by plants was calculated based on the concentration of metals in plants tissues and the yield. Organic wastes that have been applied (sewage sludge compost from green wastes from green areas) favorably impacted on the physico-chemical properties native ground, on which was established lawn with a mixture of lawn, type Poa pratensis. The level of lawn mixtures yield was proportional to the nutrient content in sewage sludge and compost. High contents of heavy metals (Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) in sewage sludge did not have negative effect on grasses growth. Lack of phytotoxic effects on plants allows for positive evaluation of suitability for lawn turf for soil phytoremediation. Collecting of heavy metal from soil was proportional to their content in the substrate. Among the all metals the largest takeaway were found for zinc. The largest takes of metals were found in the variant with the addition of sewage sludge. Much less has been found on the object with compost from green waste obtained from municipal care of green areas, and the smallest was found on the home soil. The proportion between the objects were compatible with the amount of heavy metals introduced into the ground. The high content of organic matter in sludge and in the compost was stimulating for the productivity of grass vegetation and therefore it has contributed to the increased absorption and binding of heavy metals in plants.