Raman Intensity: An Important Tool in the Study οf Nanomaterials and Nanostructures

Analysis of the relative and absolute Raman intensity is very important and powerful tool which allows to understand and characterize the modifications of the crystal/amorphous structure due to: (i) changes of the symmetry, e.g. substitution of the B site ion by the rare earth/lanthanide one and incorporation of mobile species in the case of high temperature protonic conducting perovskites; (ii) changes of the short/long range order, e.g. existence/disappearance of the nanoregions in the case of $PbMg_{1/3}Nb_{2/3}O_{3-x}PbTiO_3$ (PMN-PT) relaxor ferroelectric perovskites; (iii) changes of the nanostructure, e.g. depolymerisation of the Si-O network due to the substitution of the $Si^{4+}$ ions (and associated covalent bonds) by the $M^+$ cations (forming ionic bonds) or by the incorporation of the metal nanoprecipitates in the case of glasses, glazes and enamels.